RESUMEN
Assessment of the cough severity is essential when dealing with respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and COVID‐19. Although a few wearable devices have been reported for cough detection, they mostly rely on microphones, accelerometers, or throat‐fixed flexible sensors, which suffer from key issues including privacy disclosure and speech/motion artifacts. This study presents a chest‐laminated electronic skin (e‐skin) for reliable cough detection. Mixed dumbbell‐like networks and through‐holes are engineered on hard‐to‐stretch composite films for high stretching force sensitivity and sweat permeation, respectively. The e‐skin can effectively reduce speech‐signal and motion artifacts owing to firm adhesion and conformal contact with the chest even on sweaty skin. Experimental results show that the specificity for cough identification is as high as 99.75% through machine learning of automated acoustic analysis, even in the presence of hard‐to‐distinguish daily activities such as throat clearing. The developed chest‐laminated e‐skin is a simple, comfortable, yet reliable method to detect cough for the primary diagnosis of respiratory diseases by extracting subtle acoustic information from cough. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Advanced Materials Technologies is the property of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
RESUMEN
Assessment of the cough severity is essential when dealing with respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and COVID‐19. Although a few wearable devices have been reported for cough detection, they mostly rely on microphones, accelerometers, or throat‐fixed flexible sensors, which suffer from key issues including privacy disclosure and speech/motion artifacts. This study presents a chest‐laminated electronic skin (e‐skin) for reliable cough detection. Mixed dumbbell‐like networks and through‐holes are engineered on hard‐to‐stretch composite films for high stretching force sensitivity and sweat permeation, respectively. The e‐skin can effectively reduce speech‐signal and motion artifacts owing to firm adhesion and conformal contact with the chest even on sweaty skin. Experimental results show that the specificity for cough identification is as high as 99.75% through machine learning of automated acoustic analysis, even in the presence of hard‐to‐distinguish daily activities such as throat clearing. The developed chest‐laminated e‐skin is a simple, comfortable, yet reliable method to detect cough for the primary diagnosis of respiratory diseases by extracting subtle acoustic information from cough. [ FROM AUTHOR]
RESUMEN
PURPOSE: Reported rates of acute kidney injury (AKI) have varied significantly among studies of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) published to date. The present meta-analysis was conducted to gain clarity regarding AKI incidence and renal replacement therapy (RRT) use in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, medRxiv, and bioRxiv databases were systematically searched for COVID-19-related case reports published through 25 July 2020. Pooled analyses were conducted using R. RESULTS: The pooled incidence of AKI in 51 studies including 21,531 patients was 12.3% (95% CI 9.5-15.6%), with higher rates of 38.9% in 290 transplant patients (95% CI 27.3-51.9%), 39.0% in 565 ICU patients (95% CI 23.2-57.6%) and 42.0% among 1745 deceased patients (95% CI 30.3-54.7%). RRT usage was reported in 39 studies of 17,664 patients, with an overall pooled use of 5.4% (95% CI 4.0-7.1%), with higher rates of 15.6% in 117 transplant patients (95%CI 9.9-23.8%) and 16.3% in 776 ICU patients (95% CI 11.1-23.3%). CONCLUSION: AKI and RRT use among COVID-19 patients represent a major public health concern, and early and appropriate intervention should be called upon to improve the prognosis of patients suffering from AKI.